The most known opening - 3 laws of Laws of Motion

The First Law: Inertia Formalised:

Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it.

The first law is merely a restatement, in technical terms, of the notion of inertia, a concept introduced by Galileo.

The Second Law: When Forces Are Unbalanced:

The relationship between an object's mass m, its acceleration a, and the applied force F is F = ma. Acceleration and force are vectors (as indicated by their symbols being displayed in slant bold font); in this law the direction of the force vector is the same as the direction of the acceleration vector.

The law is usually given in the form of a very simple equation: F = ma

The Third Law: Action and Reaction

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

The third law, also known as the "action-reaction" law. When one body acts on another, then there is a reaction of equal size acting the other way.

Law of universal gravitation

The law of universal gravitation states that gravitational force between masses decreases with the distance between them, according to an inverse-square law. In addition, the theory notes that the greater an object's mass, the greater its gravitational force on another mass. Newton published his argument in Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687).

Every object in the Universe attracts every other object with a force directed along the line of centers for the two objects that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the separation between the two objects.

Two bodies attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Strictly speaking, this law applies only to point-like objects. If the objects have spatial extent, the true force has to be found by integrating the forces between the various points.

where:

• F - gravitational force between two objects
• m₁ - mass of first object
• m₂ - mass of second object
• r - distance between the objects
• G - universal constant of gravitation

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